19 March, 2024

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New Policy On Reconciliation Needs To Be Based On Human Security

By Jehan Perera

The media has reported that President Gotabaya Rajapaksa will be announcing a new policy on national reconciliation in his address to parliament at the inaugural session following prorogation last month. Apart from bringing peace of mind and comfort to those bereaved by the three decades long war, the central issue of national reconciliation is to find an equitable solution to the ethnic and religious conflicts that have plagued the country since the dawn of independence more than seven decades ago. The focus now needs to be on the development of the country and its economy rather than to support any parochial or ethnic cause and continue with the divisive politics of the past. It is only by this that the country can get back on its feet as many have done following traumatic events. President Gotabaya Rajapaksa was elected by a large majority with this hope in mind.

Indeed, the country has faced multiple crises but through them all government has retained its 2/3 majority. This is an indication that even those dissatisfied with the government’s performance still continue to feel that they are better off as members of the government than outside of it. The recent announcement of the SLFP headed by former President Maithripala Sirisena that it would remain within the government alliance, while criticising it from within, is an indicator of the government’s stability. This follows similar declarations by three leading cabinet ministers from the 11 party alliance of small parties within the government, who have filed cases in the courts against the government. They too have said they would remain within the government and continue to challenge its decisions that they deem to be incorrect.

There are two other key reasons why the government has a measure of stability despite the deteriorating economic situation. The first of these is the pragmatic calculation of the government leadership that it is better to have its critics within the government than out of it. It seemed possible that the sacking of Minister Susil Premajayantha for being overly critical of the government would be the start of a purge of internal critics of the government that could cause an unravelling. But so far it is only Minister Premajayantha who has had to pay the price for his independence. This has been explained by the fact that the former minister was a member of the ruling party itself, unlike the other critics who belong to other parties.

Second Strength

Due to the multiple perspectives within the government, which represent the diversity of the government alliance, it has been able to reach out to the widest possible swathe of society. At the same time, it is able to woo diverse sections of the international community, including the three big international powers that hold the key to the country’s economic progress. These are China, India and the Western countries. China is continuing to provide economic resources on a large scale along with India. Both of these big powers seek to improve their position of influence on Sri Lanka and ensure a physical presence in the country which is being granted. Dealing with China has been the easiest, as it only seeks to gain more economic and physical assets within the country to ensure its permanent presence.

Dealing with India and the Western countries is more challenging as they require political concessions as well. In the case of India it is a political solution to the ethnic conflict which involved power-sharing with the minority Tamil community. In the case of the Western countries it is progress in terms of protecting human rights. With Sri Lanka being a country of interest to the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva, this means that its human rights record is scrutinised every three months. The forthcoming session in late February, which continues through March, will be especially important. The Sri Lankan government is expected to present a written report on its progress in terms of issues of accountability, truth seeking, reparations and institutional reform. The response of the majority of countries at the UNHRC can have a significant impact as it would influence the European Union’s pending decision on whether or not to suspend its GSP Plus tariff privilege which is a source of support to the Sri Lankan economy.

In this regard, last week’s botched attempt to explode a bomb in All Saints Church in Colombo and the botched police investigation into it have given the impression of a created event which is not going to help the government improve on its credibility with the international community, let alone people in the country. The government’s dominant ideology of ethnic majority nationalism and national security which it invokes at frequent intervals, and especially when it faces challenges, is unacceptable. These incidents may help to keep the ethnic majority loyal to the government. But they alienate the minorities and also those sections of the international community who are concerned about human rights

Botched Attempts

The bomb discovery, in which the Catholic priests did more to uncover evidence than the police, also served to divert attention from the 1000 day commemoration by the church of the Easter bombings. If the bomb had exploded within the church, it could have led to a renewal of tensions between the ethnic and religious communities and reinforced the need for a renewed focus on national security and legitimized the further growth of the security forces in the life of the country. On that occasion, as on this, Cardinal Malcolm Ranjith, the Archbishop of Colombo, played a crucial role in preventing an escalation of the crisis and in calling for the truth behind the bombings to be known. He has become increasingly straightforward in speaking truth to the rulers, even truths they do not wish to hear.

Events such as the Easter bombing, and now this latest incident, give the impression of security failure that is detrimental to the country’s internal communal harmony and to the international image of the country as a peaceful and secure one for both investment and tourism. Sri Lanka is yet to emerge from the thrall of nationalist politics, and its falsehoods and violence, where political leaders make deliberate and purposeful use of communal differences to win votes and come to power. They have succeeded time and again in this dastardly practice, but with it the country has failed to reach its full potential time and again. The costs have been high, whether in terms of lives lost, properties destroyed and economic growth stymied.

The historic task for President Gotabaya Rajapaksa and the government is to make a shift away from a mindset that emphasises national security as being the preserve of the security forces to a new mindset that includes the ethnic minorities and sees human security and wellbeing as the country’s need. The Sri Lankan state needs to consider all its people as citizens with equal rights, and not as ethnic majorities and ethnic minorities to be treated differently. And it needs to give priority to human security and wellbeing where gas cylinders do not explode and people have food and education at affordable prices. Both religious leaders and political leaders need to come up with an ideology of the wellbeing of all in which solutions that are beneficial to all are found, where basic needs of all are met, and there is no divide and rule, which is a recipe for long term failure.

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Latest comments

  • 1
    5

    Cardinal’s dissension though not welcome traced the bomb carrier on cctv to Embilipitiya. Why the need to create more tension, splits and fear on struggling citizens.

  • 8
    1

    “National security” has been the legitimizing ideology of authoritarian regimes historically, and continues to play the same role in many such states across the globe today. Gota has made it crystal clear that is exactly his project for Sri Lanka in his election manifesto, his inaugural address at Anuradhapura, and in every decision and action he has since taken as President. Accordingly, majoritarian nationalism persecuting ethnic and religious minorities, and militarization of the state are the two main games of Gota. Now “human security” based on human rights and national reconciliation belongs to a different playbook altogether. The writer only knows too well that the Rajapaksa regimes play these diversionary ‘pretend’ games during every Geneva season by the book.

    • 4
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      • 4
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        What for the talking Me Jehan Perera? …………. What nonsense are ye talking?

        Forget the minorities …….. watch the news ………the “Sinhala Buddhist” rulers have estranged from their own “Sinhala Buddhist” subjects! …… Things have come to the end of the road and the shit has hit the fan!

        First it was the minorities and once the minorities were done with ……… they went to work on their own kind.

        Read some history …….. throughout history, suppressors didn’t care who they suppressed as long as they had someone to suppress ……. it’s in their blood and comes naturally ………

        What we need is a blood bath …… to get rid of the suppressors ………it’ll do a world of good for everyone ……… for blooming reconciliation too ………

        And I’m a pacifist: a better one than you ………. I don’t sell my pacifism to NGOs for filthy lucre …….

        I pay my own money for sand …….. now, that rice is scarce ………….

        • 2
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          nimal fernando

          Could you tell me if Sumanthiran has made any sense from his presentation.
          Reviving the Jaffna Peninsula as a Regional Economic Hub
          https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uaL7zhbun9I

          • 0
            0

            Native,

            Joel Greenblatt has honed onto to an insight ………. that when large companies spin off parts of them as smaller entities ……. both the larger company and the spinoffs do well.

            I’ve tested this and made some good bets.

            Lanka is in deep shit …….. they should spin off Jaffna peninsula ……. both the 2 entities will do very well. ……. Tamils will set the direction, Sinhalese will follow ………..


            Then again Lankans are not renowned for intelligence …….. or taking the best opportunities when presented ……… or ……. most of all, for unconventional thinking ……

            So here we are 73 years later ……….. fighting the same battles …….. over and over …….

            I wish I was born in Somalia ………. at least they have a method to their madness …….

            EE is a Somali Lankan ……. without the method ……….

    • 1
      12

      Ajay Sundara Devan,
      “Accordingly, majoritarian nationalism persecuting ethnic and religious minorities,..”
      —-
      If ethnic and religious minorities are persecuted why the hell the number of people belong to ethnic and religious minorities keep on increasing in Colombo and there is no sign of people belong to ethnic and religious minorities fleeing from Sinhala majority areas.

      Use your brain before using the key board.

      • 3
        0

        Dear Mr. Eagle:
        It’s not the ordinary, everyday Sinhala people who do the persecution of the ethnic and religious minorities. They’re just as fair-minded and friendly as any civilized people in the world. In fact the continued presence of higher proportion of minorities in Colombo despite all the terrible racial violence of the past is a testament to the decency and law-abiding nature of the average Sinhala person. It is the State that is doing the persecution, especially under Gota’s rule [That’s what I said in my comment. But you quote only a part of my sentence and make it sound like I said the civilian Sinhala people are attacking the minorities. Mr. Eagle, I thought you’re smarter than that]. And State Terror is much worse in the North & East. There’s no possibility of escape from uniformed thugs. It’s like an occupation zone with restricted civilian participation in governance, and less human rights activism and media access. It is much easier for the majoritarian state to cover up its crimes in the North than in the South. Thus ironically Tamils feel safer in the South – except during state-sponsored pogroms. And somehow they have to continue to survive in Colombo as economic opportunities in the North are almost non-existent.

  • 5
    15

    Tamil racism and Islamic extremism are to blame for turning the country into a security conscious state which could be capitalised by Sinhala politicians.

    Soma

    • 3
      7

      Let me elaborate a bit.
      Tamil racism created a rutheless monster who invented and perfected suicide bombing , used against civilian tergets and political leaders and deployed chilrdren for combat with no compunction which in comparison made ISIS looking like child’s play.
      .
      Now comes Islamic extremism which put Tamil terrorism of 30 years to shame in one go.
      .
      Muslim extremists completely destroyed a main economic pillar of the poor country within a few hours not to mention the death , destruction and sorrow caused to a minority totally outside the political parameters.
      .
      Sinhala political crooks could obviously take full advantage of the fearful environment created by Tamil racists and Islamic extremists.

      Soma

      • 6
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        Soma,
        I was thinking that you were defending your people out of necessity. So, I had some hope that you could be turned around.
        It looks like that I was wrong.
        You are putting the cart before the horse!
        … Think a little.
        You say that Tamil racism created a ruthless monster who invented and perfected suicide bombing , used against civilian targets … .
        No. It was Sinhala racism that created it!
        .
        What happened to the streak of intelligence I observed in you. How did you lose it, so rapidly. Was it out of your hatred towards Tamils. Get back on track. Make yourself proud of your education!

        • 0
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          Nathan
          “Was it out of your hatred towards Tamils.”
          Nope.
          I am the only Sinhalese in this forum who agrees to a separate Homeland for Tamil speaking people, promotes unity among all Tamil speakers irrespective of their religion or the date of arrival, agrees to a referendum as demanded by TNA and readily agrees to the proposal by some Tamil quarters for going back to pre colonial set up.
          I mean whichever ‘solution’ you guys propose provided that solution satisfies political aspirations of at least 90% of Tamils ( Tamil speakers scattered across the island).
          .
          Further my dear Nathan how can I hate Tamils when I acknowledge that we are of the same gene ?
          .
          What has irked the Tamil racists on CT is my persitent plea to choose the option of right to live anywhere in this beautiful island. I keep reminding them that loosing that would be the ultimate folly.

          Soma

          • 0
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            Nathan, I must mention that I am strongly opposed to the HOLIDAY RESORT MODEL OF TAMIL EALAM.

            Soma

      • 1
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        Soma ,
        ” Muslim extremists completely destroyed a main economic pillar of
        the poor country….” And came the National Wealthy Heroes From the
        US , Hambantota and Moneragala to rebuild the battered Sinhala
        Buddhist Gnanasara Land ? And Miracles are now happening in the
        Kitchens with Litro Gas , Grenades in Borella Church , and One Country
        One Law Task Force by Ayatollah Gnanasara ? You think only you have
        excess supply of canisters of Jokes ? And the world buys them ? Grow
        up Soma , not down ! We can supply Tanks of Jokes if that is all you
        are interested in ! Try to change . That is what the rest of the world ,
        especially grown up ones are doing .

      • 5
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        soman

        “Tamil racism created a rutheless monster who invented and perfected suicide bombing ,…”

        The first ever suicide attack was carried out on 13 March 1881 by Ignaty Grinevitsky
        assassinating Tsar Alexander II and in the process killing himself too.

        However even well before the suicide attack on Tsar, in early 1780s, queen Velu Nachiar’s female commander Kuyili committed suicide attack on British ammunition depot and completely destroyed it.

        There were many suicide attacks in the past including by Japanese Kamikaze pilots.

        So soman grow up.
        Suicide bombing was not invented by your brethren.
        Get a life.

        • 0
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          NV
          Thanks. Tamils don’t get credit of invention like Japanese technology. They only get the prize for perfecting, mass production and extensive use of it against innocent civilians.

          Soma

          • 0
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            soman

            “They only get the prize for perfecting, mass production and extensive use of it against innocent civilians.”

            In your Sinhala/Buddhist bretheren’s case they never had to face the issues like designing, perfecting, manufacturing, …. the real stuff. Instead, beg or borrow funds with which buy them and just off load them on civilians. Carpet bombing maybe the right term.

            Your close relative Wimal Sangili Karuppan Weerawansa actually demanded air force to carpet bomb Vanni, in fact that was exactly what the air force did.

    • 7
      1

      Soma!
      How, when and Why did Tamil Racism Start?. Defending ones nationality from other racism?. Is it.?

      • 0
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        Kanapathy Varunan,
        “How, when and Why did Tamil Racism Start?”
        —-
        Tamil racism started in 1930s by racist Tamil politicians. During that time indigenous Sinhalayo were oppressed by British and Tamils who dominated the administration.

        G.G.Ponnambalam displayed hatred of Tamils towards indigenous Sinhala Buddhists by delivering a racially charged speech at Nawalapitiya in 1939 ridiculing Mahawansha and denigrating the Sinhala-Buddhist culture, its history and the people.

        If Sinhala Buddhists were racists they would not have accommodated Dravidians brought to their country by colonial rulers and Muslims when they faced persecution by Portuguese.

        • 4
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          Eagle Blind Eye

          “Tamil racism started in 1930s by racist Tamil politicians. “

          Sinhala/Buddhism started with the advent of public racist Annagarika Homeless Dharmapala, who concocted a new identity/race for all the racists in the island. Even Buddha’s teaching could not save you from being an ultra racist.

          Why do you let HLD M sit on your head?

      • 0
        4

        Mr.Kanapathy V
        “How and why Tamil racism started.”
        You are asking me?
        I am not a big historrrian. I have read a bit about Tamil Nadu attempt to secede from the Union and Dravidian movement in the 1940s.
        .
        Some defending with killing innocent people as the prime methodology!

        Soma

        • 4
          0

          soman

          “I am not a big historrrian. I have read a bit about Tamil Nadu attempt to secede from the Union and Dravidian movement in the 1940s.”

          Being a descendant of Kallthonie converts from Tamilnadu you should know better. Hope you would learn, think and grow.

      • 4
        0

        Kanapathy Varunan

        “How, when and Why did Tamil Racism Start?. Defending ones nationality from other racism?. Is it.?”

        These are questions Soman will not answer.
        Being a descendant of Kallathonie from Tamilnadu whose family recently converted to Sinhala/Buddhism needs to constantly question others, otherwise he could not fit in with his fellow racists.

        Please leave him alone as he needs to find solace among his mates. Impunity is granted only to those belonging to Sinhala/Buddhism, a cult to which many aspiring politicians, functionaries, tradesman, crooks, war criminals, ….members of armed forces belong to for their career prospect, protection from law, ….

    • 2
      0

      Soma,
      The cause that ignited these 2 elements is the important factor. In case it does not come easy to recall,
      1. disenfranchising Tamils of recent origin (1949)
      2. the Sinhala only act (1956)
      3. Standardisation of University entrance (1970) of Northern (NP) and Western Province (WP) – to COVER UP the non-provision of facilities equitably, to all schools island wide.
      Catholic schools nationalised in 1960 deprived funds for Library facilities etc.
      4. Classification of Northern Province A/L students as having distinct advantage in education facilities thus reducing University entrance Z – score; depriving Tamil students’ entry (1972)
      Just 4 discriminatory actions of governments of Independent SL against minorities, by elected government of ALL CITIZENS!!!!!!
      Laying seeds of racist thoughts in minorities to regain their rights!
      Item 1 – breaking up of the Tamil Congress (TC) and formation of the Federal Party (FP) Tamil Arasu Kadchi (Tamil Self-rule Party) in 1949!
      Item 2 – Alienation of the Burgher and Tamil community, some without their employment and others of sustenance, EMIGRATION AND BRAIN DRAIN!!
      Item 4 – Providing university opportunities for Sinhala youths in preference to other communities!!!
      NON-CONSIDERATION OF MERIT
      One needs to think over to ascertain who are the racist in this conundrum???????

    • 4
      0

      Soma seems like one of the guys who would have danced if the floor was not crooked.

    • 4
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      soman

      “Tamil racism and Islamic extremism are to blame for turning the country into a security conscious state which could be capitalised by Sinhala politicians.”

      So you never needed protection from your own Sinhala/Buddhist racists?

  • 2
    0

    ”Human Security”? Thugs & murderers in Parliament, critics & honest policemen banged up without charge, justice prostituted, so whats this about?

    ”…..media has reported that President Gotabaya Rajapaksa will be announcing a new policy on national reconciliation….”
    At last, GR seems to have recognised the importance ‘national reconciliation’ but GR’s policies usually fizzles out, the organic farming policy comes to mind. I can’t see a man who came to power on ethnic division suddenly seeing the light, & furthermore, will it be acceptable to his ‘nationalistic patriot’ vote base? Didn’t an adoring high ranking monk request GR to emulate Hitler, who ‘cleansed’ Germany of its Jewish population? Would Hitler, in these circumstances, have changed his mind? Seems to be a desperate attempt by a self serving regime to hold on to power, conveyed dutifully by those who have to sing for their supper.

    Anyone believing in this rubbish? I don’t, so didn’t bother to read the rest.

  • 4
    2

    I had a quick look at his speech at Parliament today. Unfortunately, he just mentioned reconciliation only once to provide facilities to North East and never mentioned about ethnic problem. He lied again and again he maintained that he did not violate any human rights violation and he will not allow it to happen. Even after the collapse of the judicial independence he promised to bring law and order. So the brutality will continue and further collapse of economy is unavoidable if the family allowed to continue in power.

    • 6
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    • 2
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      Ajith,
      “Unfortunately, he just mentioned reconciliation only once to provide facilities to North East and never mentioned about ethnic problem.”

      How can we have reconciliation when Tamil politicians keep on making racist statements like ‘Sinhalayo are not welcome in the North’, ‘Cannot build temples and Buddha statues in the North’, Tamilized the name of Sinhala King Devanampiyatissa to Devanampiyatheesan and taking legal action to stop renovation of temples in the North.

    • 2
      8

      ….. because there’s no ethnicity problem. If there were, then Tamil Nadu must have taken care of them.

      • 3
        0

        Yes, very soon your wish may be answered. The Eezham Thamizh and Muslim Thamizh from the northeast may become part of Thamizh Nadu or another Indian state. 90% of the people from the northeast will welcome this and openly vote for this if there is a referendum. This will also include the Muslim Thamizh, as life will also be far easier for them and they will not have to face discrimination and illegal land grabbing at the hands of Chingkalla Poutha fundamentalists and being a largely business/trading community far more opportunity will be opened to them within greater Thamizh Nadu/India as fellow Indians and Thamizh.

        • 4
          0

          Did you listen to the president’s speech nothing about reconciliation and Thamizh rights, just denying all the atrocities and war crimes done on the Thamizh and he was not responsible for anything and trying to paint a false picture that everything is economic, which is not? He has slammed the door on minority rights and reconciliation. Britain the last colonial power that is responsible for this mess, by making the Eezham Thamizh lose their ancient sovereignty and nationhood, by merging the always separate Chingkalla and Thamizh parts of the island in 1833 to create a new colony called Ceylon, thereby making the Thamizh who was a 100% majority in their ancient nation, a minority on the whole island and the Chingkallam who were only confined to the southern parts of the island a majority on the whole island. Later to add insult to injury in 1948 left the island, with no adequate protection for the island’s Thamizh minorities and gave power to only to the Chingkalla majority and still overtly and covertly supporting the racist Chingkalla state that they created.

  • 4
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  • 4
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  • 3
    8

    There is no ethnic conflict in Sinhale/Sri Lanka. There is a problem between indigenous Sinhalayo who accommodated Tamils in their country and a small group of separatist Tamil politicians in Yapanaya who want to grab a part of Sinhale, the Land of Sinhalayo and Vedda Eththo to create a separate State only for Tamils in the North. The solution is to give up the demand for a separate State or Federal solution and agree to live in a Unitary State with Sinhalayo without making bogus claim of ‘Traditional Homeland’.

  • 3
    8

    Nationalise Galle road, Kandy, and Jaffna missionary and Abaran faith schools, reconsolidation will happen magically. They have been running amok and fooling still rural Sinhala Buddhists since 1948 bogus independence.
    /

    Remember nobody is asking for so called reconsideration. Tamil turned Malabaries want Eelam, Marakkala Muslims want Islamic state while Indigenous Sinhala Buddhists want their motherland as it was in Great Anuradhapura period.

    • 2
      1

      Hi Tony,
      Why not think to provide better educational facility?
      Request provide 5% of GDP to education.
      This could be easily done without even a puff!!!!
      Reallocate funds of the Defence Ministry to meet this expenditure w/o guarding tombstones!!!
      This will provide much wanted Library facilities, sports grounds, high calibre teaching aids along with better qualified staff to the requirement of SL emerging out of the pandemic??!!
      Nationalisation is not the answer. No.
      See what has happened to the Catholic schools nationalised in 1960?
      have they better facilitated educational standards? No.
      Transport Nationalisation, has it provided world class transport? No.
      I would dare say, South Western Bus Company under Sir Cyril De Zoysa, ably managed provided better service than any of them now!!!!!
      They (Nationalisation) have only reduced, once 5 star entrepreneurship organisation to the lowest ever one could achieve!!
      Same with the nationalised Catholic schools. Nothing better.
      You seem to be having some misgiving about Jaffna Missionary (JM)?
      May be because they produced some of the best scientists and professionals in SL.
      Please do not forget, it was JM which had a University grade institution first to provide higher education before others, including the Jaffna University site!!!

    • 0
      0

      Currently those without, are desperate for some food and milk powder for babies to survive, country is in need of fuel and electricity. There is plenty time for reminiscence provided those hungry Lankans are still around to hear about our golden period. Do dead people/beings need secure nation??? India just loaned money and fuel for you’ll to survive.

  • 1
    5

    Secure nation, secure beings (not only humans)!

    • 1
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      Very true

  • 2
    3

    Tony are you saying that Tamil separatists, Muslim fundamentalists and Christian Evangelists are being exploited by Sinhala unitarists?

    • 3
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      He Chingkalla Buddhist fundamentalists running down Christians, Thamizh, and Muslims all ironically posting under western European names. One Scandinavian and the other a name of a Catholic saint. Tony is the shortened form for Anthony or Antonio in Italian. Name of a famous Catholic saint.

      As for Buddhism please read this

      https://www.dailymirror.lk/news-features/The-Rise-and-Decline-of-Tamil-Buddhism/131-229176

    • 2
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      Tony,
      “Indigenous Sinhala Buddhists want their motherland as it was in Great Anuradhapura period.”
      Ah, so you want to live in a mud house, built on land which you don’t own, and be ready at any time to do free labour for the king? And of course both you and your wife would wear designer amudes, hers being a bit longer.
      I wonder how you would write to CT without electricity?
      Be careful what you wish for……

  • 3
    1

    It is very clear where is Sri Lanka wants to go. So Tamils should understand that Sinhala Buddhist Fundamentalism and that both Sinhala Sri Lanka, India, China, USA are going in the same direction to use Tamils as a ball in their play. Therefore, Tamils should not looking for solutions from Sinhala or outside. Let the country face the world alone.

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