28 March, 2024

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Stemming The Wave Of Islamophobia Is Crucial

By Jayadeva Uyangoda

Prof. Jayadeve Uyangoda

Islamophobia is a term that gained currency in the 1980s in British English. It referred to prejudices against the Islam and Muslim people that had begun to spread in the UK since the 1970s.  

As a cultural, intellectual and political phenomenon, Islamophobia began to spread throughout the Western world after the 9/11 attacks in the US. The Christian Right in America has been the leading force that promoted Islamophobia as a new strand of political ideology in the world. It spread to the Hindu and Buddhists worlds as well amidst the rapid rise of ethnic identity politics and conflict. 

India and Myanmar

In India, the BJP and Right-wing Hindu groups politically benefitted by cleverly introducing Islamophobia as a devise to divide the citizens along ‘national’ and anti-national’  — Hindu versus Muslim — binary. As a result, India’s political and cultural face has now changed beyond recognition. 

Contemporary India is no longer the modern, progressive, secular, and tolerant India that Gandhi, Nehru, and Ambedhkar built. It is now a land of ethnic, cultural and political intolerance and hatred.  Ideologies of ethno-cultural phobia against the minorities even get official sanction quite easily. 

In Myanmar, Islamophobia entered Buddhist radical politics, leading to wave of violence against the Muslim Rohingiya communities. It even rocked the Aung San Suu Kyi government, forcing the human rights icon to do nothing to stop violence, carried out as organized ethnic cleansing with tacit support from state agencies.  

Myanmar is a Buddhist majority nation-state in the transition to democracy. There, Islamophobic violence has gained religious sanctity as well. That is why the government could not control it and Prime Minister Suu Kyi had to practice a vow of silence about grave human rights violations against the Rohingiya people. 

After 4/21 attacks in Sri Lanka, Islamophobia seems to be gaining ground as a new form of political consciousness, particularly in the Sinhalese society.

We must recall these and similar instances of Islamophobia in other countries because they offer us important lessons. Leaders of the government, defence establishment and the media should reflect on those lessons to prevent the rising consciousness of Islamophobia poisoning the political life of Sri Lankan citizens. It has the potential to polarize the Sinhalese and Muslim communities in a frightening manner.

It is of course understandable why and how the government has been forced to launch the current phase of counter-insurgency operations against the Muslim militants who organized and carried a series of such horrendous terrorist attacks on a holy day. By those attacks, the terrorist leaders, particularly those who conceptualized and organized it and not perished in the process, seem to have achieved a distinctly sinister objective too: subjecting Sri Lanka’s Muslim community to Islamophobic hatred of other communities as well the state. The kind of religio-anarchist political ideology of the contemporary Islamic militancy that has swept the Muslim world and Europe has this strange and patently irrational element of provoking hatred against the mainstream Muslim communities.   

Fear as Paranoia

Meanwhile, the kind of conversations taking place these days among our fellow non-Muslim citizens, irrespective of their social or educational status, point to a wave of Islamophobic consciousness. More disturbingly, the social psychology that is manifested through this consciousness borders on something like a collective paranoia. Largely fuelled by exaggerated media reporting and irresponsible statements by politicians, all communities live in everyday fear, afraid of imminent suicide attacks in schools, Buddhist temples, market places, and the neighbourhoods.  

Quite paradoxically, the daily security reporting by the print and electronic media has also begun to contribute to a generalized fear about the Muslim community as an immediate source of threat to people’s life.  Fear of violence and death at the hand of suicide bombers from the Muslim community has actually paralyzed not only the country’s economy and the public life, but also the capacity for rational thinking even among the well-educated. 

Extreme Othering

This process of extreme othering and demonizing of the entire Muslim community, spread through rumours shared in the social media, email, telephone calls as well as casual conversations with neighbours and relatives, is perhaps the most pernicious collective response generated among the civilian populace to the Easter Sunday tragedy.  One does not have to be a trained sociologist to sense how the news people often share about the possibility of imminent threats to the life and security is always verbalized in a language of extreme ethnic and cultural prejudice, stereo-typing and demonizing. 

The rapidity and frequency with which the tales of insecurity circulate amidst the state of emergency suggest that these are not spontaneous or casual responses to constant media reports of discovering swords, knives, explosives and ‘ISIS trainees’ from urban as well as rural neighborhoods. Rather, they have the trappings of some organized efforts towards a distinct political end.  It appears that creating a condition of ‘ungovernability’ in the country by further deepening and widening the trust gap between the government and the citizens has to be part of a hidden political agenda.

The leaders of the government can only ill afford to ignore the political consequences of this wave of insecurity-making, particularly among the citizens of the Sinhalese community.

If this trend is allowed to continue unchecked, it has the potential to eat into the very foundations of our collective polity as Sri Lankans of several ethnic, religious and cultural communities.  It will also produce a popular culture of extreme forms of ethnic and cultural intolerance towards one ethnic minority, who happen to be the Muslims.

Abyss of Violence

This dangerous possibility of Sri Lankan society falling once again deeply into the abyss of inter-community conflict and violence needs to be acknowledged without delay. The gestures of reconciliation being made by the President and the Prime Minister are probably responses arising from such a realization. But they seem to be inadequate to stem the present wave of Islamophobia. The two leaders need to re-double their efforts to manage the crisis politically and it requires unity of purpose and intent on their part. That is one way to overcome the massive trust deficit erupted soon after Easter Sunday between the government and the citizens.

We must not fail to recognize that the ISIS-inspired suicide bombers have already pushed Sri Lanka towards the global war between the US-led West and the radicalized Islamic groups. Our government should also aim at extricating the country from this trap of a global terrorism-counter-terrorism war. It may even be the case that the location of that global war is now shifting towards some parts of South Asia. 

That is why the present counter-insurgency operations, executed through emergency regulations, should not ignore the unintended political consequences of restoring security exclusively within a ‘national security’ frame. Sri Lanka’s government and security leadership should be sensitive to both meanings of that much – maligned phrase ‘intelligence failures.’ The cultural insensitivity to the Muslim community in securing state security should not be buttressed by any lapses at the level of political leadership, in the enlightenment sense of the word ‘intelligence’.

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    This comment was removed by a moderator because it didn’t abide by our Comment policy.For more detail see our Comment policy https://www.colombotelegraph.com/index.php/comments-policy-2

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      Uyangoda: While everyone is distracted with swords, it was high velocity BOMB EXPLOSIONS that caused the Easter carnage- where did these explosives come from? Who are the foreign hidden hands that are marketing the IS narrative and weaponizing religion to de-stablize Lanka, keep puppet Bondscam Ranil as neoliberal dictator, and set up a military base in Trincomalee?
      The swords seem like a cover or semi- fake news to spread fear psychosis and distract from the foreign hands and terror-counter-terror network operatives that Rohan Gunaratne seems to know very well..
      Who brought the explosives to Sri Lanka that US embassy staff also had– and was sniffed out by Sniffer dogs at JAIC Hilton.? Seems the US embassy and Ambassodor’s place should be searched first!
      The swords and targeting Muslims who are victims of the American invented Clash of Civilizations- are a distraction like the president’s fake sword and those stolen from the Colombo museum.. What is going on?

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        I think that you both are lost in own dream world; Jadon is more so than Uyangoda. Islamaphobia is much older than the new Phenomena of Jihadism & the related 4/11 attack. Both Sinahalese & Tamils began to look at them as Germans (Marx included) looked at Jews even before Nazism: With envy for their business success. In SL, Jihadist activities particularly in the East changed this envy into animosity. 4/21 attack only made it worse. But, Uyangoda as career Marxist also should know that Marxism is also no different from terrorism based on Jihadism. As far as ideology is concerned, Marxism is worse than Jihadism b’cos one can justify Shariah principle as a mere religious practice confined only Muslims, something similar to the claim that Buddhists must follow the original teaching of Buddha while Marxism is an utterly wrong not only on theoretical ground but also philosophical (dialectical materialism) and its historical ground (German ideology from Kant to Hegel).
        I’m not going to say much about Jadon’s meaningless & all too often heard conspiracy theory other than to say stupidity has no limits!

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          Oh these USAID handout dependent NGO Professors of Political Science who have not got a clue about Geopolitics in the Indian Ocean.

          Time to get lost Uyangoda!

    • 5
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      Prof. Jayadeve Uyangoda,
      Part 1 (299 words)

      RE: Stemming The Wave Of Islamophobia Is Crucial

      “We must not fail to recognize that the ISIS-inspired suicide bombers have already pushed Sri Lanka towards the global war between the US-led West and the radicalized Islamic groups. Our government should also aim at extricating the country from this trap of a global terrorism-counter-terrorism war. It may even be the case that the location of that global war is now shifting towards some parts of South Asia. “

      Thanks for your article.

      Aristotle cause and effect

      First Cause is term introduced by Aristotle and used in philosophy and theology. Aristotle noted that things in nature are caused and that these causes in nature exist in a chain, stretching backward. …

      So, what we see are the effects, but what are the causes for Islamophobia and Wahhabi Terrorism? Who is behind it?

      Wahhabism was initially promoted by the British to destabilize the Ottoman Empire, and during the Great Game against the expansionist Russia in the 18th and 19th centuries. In the 20th Century Americans stepped in, and in return for oil and hegemony, protected the Saudi Wahhabi Ideology, that follows Satan, Iblis per prescient Hadith of Najd.
      Hadith of Najd

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_of_Najd

      “O Allaah bestow your blessings on our Shaam. O Allaah bestow your blessings on our Yemen.” The people said, “O Messenger of Allaah, and our Najd.” I think the third time the Prophet, sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam, said, “There (in Najd) will occur earthquakes, trials and tribulations, and from there appears the Horn of Satan.”

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2UDy_apXW3E

      Scholar from al-Azhar: Wahhabism is a Satanic Faith, the Horn of the Devil that Muhammad Predicted

      The normal Muslims must be informed and educated about the Wahhabies and their clones, and as to who is behind them.

    • 5
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      Prof. Jayadeve Uyangoda,

      Part 2 (299 words)
      RE: Stemming The Wave Of Islamophobia Is Crucial
      South Asia. “

      Thanks for your article.

      Alternate hypothesis from the Grape vine former army intelligence officer

      Who is Abu Bakr Al Bagdadi ? Can the Medamulana bastard who nurtured terrorism and the Royal gay boys can save the country..?

      Black gold – oil

      US first came to Arabian Gulf for oil exploration in 1930’s. The US explored the oil belong to Saudi not as a help but to strength their economy. During 1906’s the US incurred large profits from Saudi oil. This situation created a rift between prince Faizal and King Saud. In 1964 King Faizal overthrew King Saud and came to power. It was during King Faizal time there was a six day war between the Israel and the Arabs. King Faizal reduced the oil supplies to the west. Few days following this King Faizal was murdered. He was shot by his nephew Bin Mussaid who came from the US. King Faizal assassination was an intensive operation of the Mossad.

      Turning point

      The same fate was enchanted to Saddam Hussain. It was Saddam Hussains Bath party which built Iraq. 70% of the Iraqi populations were Shias. Saddam Hussain was a Sunni minority. Saddam opposed the oil racket done by US companies in Kuwait. US invaded Iraq by fabricating a false chemical weapons conspiracy. Iraq was named the cradle of the Mesapotemia civilization. World famous museums were found in Iraq. US invasion in Iraq was a turning point of the world history.
      Terror groups, Paramilitary Forces and Double Agents
      .

      Who is Simon Elliot..?
      Facts to justify that ISIS is a geo political noose and joke of the era

      Abu Bakr Bagdadi and the Islamic State (IS)
      Whose contract is IS alias Islamic State?

    • 5
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      Prof. Jayadeve Uyangoda,
      Part 3 (299 words)

      RE: Islamophobia

      Thanks for your article.

      Alternate hypothesis from the Grape vine former army intelligence officer

      Terror groups, Paramilitary Forces and Double Agents

      . During the US invasion of Iraq 70% of Iraq’s defensive operations were carried out by private military forces licensed by the US government. It was the first time in history a war was conducted on contract basis. The infamous Black Water Alias Academy and the US forces worked together. Without capturing the land the Americans armed selected gangs and groups. The US pumped weapons, money and technology to terror groups and militias operating in the Arabian Gulf. These were not mere war secrets but projects approved by the US state department. The west created terror groups, paramilitary forces and double agents within Iraq and plundered the Iraqi oil resource.

      Who is Simon Elliot..?

      Simon Elliot was born in Iraq In1972 in the town Samara. His parents were Jewish and he became a mossad agent when he was 12 years. He used Ibahim Bin Awad Al Badri as his duplicate name and appeared as an Iraqi Citizen. Once he applied to join the Iraqi Army as a soldier but he was disqualified due to poor physical fitness. Later he was graduated from an Islamic university of Bagdad. He became a pastor in a Sunni mosque in Iraq. When US invaded Iraq he was 32 years old. Mossad played a large role in support for the US operation in Iraq. Simon Elliot alias Ibrahim Bin Awad joined the American operation and later he personified as Abu Bakr Al Bagdadi.

      Facts to justify that ISIS is a geo political noose and joke of the era

      Abu Bakr Bagdadi and the Islamic State (IS)
      Whose contract is IS alias Islamic State?

  • 7
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    Good article Uyang but some points need to be added. so far other than a few incidents like in Negombo and Chilaw (just now) Sinhalese people have been very restrained in their behaviour and it is good that there were no reprisals against Muslims. The cardinal can take credit to this but I am glad that the Mahanayakes has also supported him. However the real Muslim perpetrators of the Easter Sunday massacre must be identified, tried and in my view, executed. If only some small fry are found guilty, the general public will find that there is no closure to the massacre. Islamophobia can never be fully stamped out but only by punishing those responsible can it be reduced.

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      Dude Uyangoda: The US has being exporting Islamophobia and the Clash of Civilizations narrative around the world, along with its Saudi Proxy that exports Wahabism and lots of funds for fundamentalists, to promote the US arms sales business..which will make America Great Again. So let’s begin at the beginning .

      Also please read the book by Yale University (2017) Professor Eugene Ford titled: Cold War Monks: Buddhism and America’s Secret Strategy in Southeast Asia”, and then lets talk?
      Have you heard of the new Cold War that kicked off against China on Easter Sunday 9 am Sri Lanka time? Wake up dude..

    • 14
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      Islamophobia is a word coined by Muslim apologists to cover up the crime committed by Muslims on others. There will not be any Islamophobia if there is no Islamomania. For an average Muslim Allah is everything and are obsessed with Islam. Westerners are averse to Muslims because of their behavior. Muslims come in begging for asylum and when they establish turn tables on those who had welcomed them in good faith. They demand to build mosques in every nook and corner, want prayer rooms in public places, want halal food in eateries, no pork served in multi-ethnic schools and in some instance go to the extreme of demanding sharia law and establishing no go zones for others. This is exactly what is happening in eastern province where Muslims who went as refugees, after years of uncontrolled births and ethnic cleansing of Tamils, are now claiming the province as theirs. Do you not feel that any apprehension of other communities to this type of dastardly action by any means fair, and to brush it out as Islamophobia by Muslims is not acceptable. Anger against Muslims is rising as evidenced by Chilaw incident due to the cover up by Sinhala politicians of both sides who are protecting real Islamic criminals who have given huge sums of money to them. It has now been exposed that during Mahinda’s regime money was paid from defence ministry funds to several Islamic groups to create trouble to Tamils, and to several Buddhist groups to attack Muslims.

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        You forget to mention in your anti Muslim tirade, about the millions of Muslims killed by Western nations, still on going. After 9/11 America has started bombing Afghanistan and Iraq (where Bin Laden was NOT there), Libya, Syria, and interfering in other nations, toppling their leaders, resulting in not only millions of deaths, but millions injured, and millions are now refugees fleeing the violence. All victims of wars waged by Christians and Jews, and today those nations are rubble, and disarray. Looking back many were better off with their tyrants leaders, rather than after the US and it’s allies took “democracy” over there.
        There is enough of blame to go around.Why didn’t the US bomb Saudi Arabia instead of Afghanistan, after all most of the 9/11 terrorists came from over there, and many ISIS fighters are from Saudi Arabia.
        Why? Because of the damn oil and now like others before, Trump and his son in law are good buddies with Bin Salman, the butcher who kills in Yemen with American and British weapons, and the man who got Khashoggi killed.
        What we are seeing today are the results of all of the above crimes.

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      Dear practicing Catholic,

      Like you and other Christians, Buddhists, and Hindus, every Sri Lankan Muslim wants the terrorists who committed the Easter Sunday crime should be punished. Because of the help of the Muslims now many terrorists have been arrested. The President has already thanked the Muslim community for their help and cooperation to eradicate terrorism from Sri Lanka.

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    A good article shedding an unbiased view regarding the current conditions. The right thing to do now, is focus our energy and efforts towards building the country and relationship between the communities.

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      Before building you need to first punish those who organized the massacre.

  • 9
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    Dear Moderator / Author,

    A timely important article. I wonder if you would give me the permission to translate this article into Sinhala.

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    I am not sure how “new” this Islamophobia in the country is. It has been a political factor at least since 2012.

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    we thought sri lanka had only twocon artist s , now with cardinal ranjith we have three
    he has used the situ not to glorify god but to glorify himself
    a rajapaksa stooge [he once asked mahinda to give his niece a job ]he keeps attacking the govt to bring them back to power
    what the hell does he know of security matters as a man of god he should stick to religion and not tell them what they should and should not do
    he and sirisena are now blaming the west in the vain hope of restoring the east to power
    ha ha a new gengis khan??
    the carnage has given a nobody a chance to become a somebody
    time will tell whether the best laid plans of mice and men go astray

    • 0
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      Jealous? get a life!

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      There was not a single incident against Tamils by Catholics in 1983, not only in catholic belt from Wattala to Puttalam, but also in catholic towns of Moratuwa and Kotahena. Even after that there was good relationship between Tamils and most of the Catholics. It was Bishop Malcom Ranjit (then a parish priest) who is an anti-Tamil racist who poisoned the minds of Sinhala Catholics against Tamils. If the dead were all Tamils his reaction would have been different. He is a well known Mahinda acolyte and his move to form a national government is nothing but to bring Mahinda into power.

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        There was an ethnic split in the Catholic Church well before 1983, and the Church tried hard to patch up. But factionalism continued with one siding the LTTE and the other the government.
        *
        No individual can be blamed for a collective mindset. What made the LTTE possible is a context.

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    They (Mrs. B) should have wiped out the 1971 JVP scum wholesale. The scum she left have become gentrified under new names and all, and is still a curse on this country.

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    If only we had proper statesmen like Lee Kwan Yu who can guide this country on the right path.

    If the current trend is allowed to continue, Sri lanka will become a full blown racist country with no return to normalcy for the next three decades. with each community becoming the victim.

    The question the leaders should ask is what is next ? What if this happens and that happens, where it will end, that should give them the wisdom to take the right course of action in the current crisis

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    Dear Uyangoda,
    You say that Islamaphobia is gaining in Srilanka only after this bomblast but in fact Tamilphobia was in this country with the indipendece of Ceylon until it was turned into Islaphobia overtook Tamil phobia. Islamapobis ideas were started after 2009 when the former President decided that he and his family should govern the whole of Srilanka.
    It is not a secret that Muslim politicians and religious leadership played a double game inorder to gain ministerial posts and they were armed by Srilankan authorities. Though they say now that the suicide bombers are not Muslims, I doubt their honesty, at least some of the political leaders must have close relationship with the suiciders and ISIS.

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    The civilizational responsibility of unbelievers, non believers and other non Muslims on whom the Muslims hang like parasites for their existence is to phase out Islam with minimal physical harm to the brainwashed. This latter requirement is a serious constraint that will prolong the operation into a couple of centuries. However it is imperative that we stick to our ethical standards in this long drawn out process. The brainwashed should not be hated but looked upon with empathy, while of course safeguarding our life and limb.
    X

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      Socrates ,

      What is Islam
      Submission
      Ordinary Muslims claim that it is submission to God.

      Others claim that the Wahhabi Salafies submit to Satan. As support, they cite the Hadith of Najd.

      Then we have the British and Americans have weaponized Wahhabism and ISIS to promote their imperialism and hegemony.

      Phasing out Islam means that the Imperialists will weaponize some other tool, nationalism, racism, and other ideology. Remember in a earlier era, it was communism and the Domino Theory.

  • 1
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    Dear Uyang
    why dont you say a “word” about the victims. You liberal pandithayas are so concerned about the killers., but not a word about the killed.
    “4/21 attacks” ? you mean the petti kade that was attacked or the massacre that killed 259 innocent people including 48 kids. this is the problem with you guys…liberal pandithayas.

  • 4
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    Thank you very much for you prof. You have rightly said that media or social media has been spreading the fear and we know 99% Sinhalese are peace loving people. We have lived among Sinhalese for over 1000 years now. Sinhalese kings protected Muslims and in fact they gave many villages for Muslim community to settled during Portuguese onslaught: We have protected kings in the past. We have contributed economically for this nations. We have not wanted to divide this nation as Tamils did. Now Tamil community is trying to catch fish in this trouble water. All radicals must be wiped out from Sri Lanka. As before you have written a good article. May God bless. you in this holy month of Ramadan.

  • 0
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    Mr. Jayadeva Yuangoda; Cold War Monks: Buddhism and America’s Secret Strategy in Southeast Asia
    By Eugene Ford
    Militant Buddhism: The Rise of Religious Violence in Sri Lanka, Myanmar and Thailand.
    By Peter Lehr
    Please read above two books. america wanted to use Religion to combat the spread of communism in Asia. They particularly did not like Theravada BUDDHISM as there was not central figure or structure that governed the whole entity. But, they meddled with Vietnam. In that book they mention, That SINHALE the spread the Buddhism up to South Vietnam. Thailand was not under Colonization. THEY made it to limit into forest monastries, bhikkus did not like it, in order to protect Thai-Buddhism. They meddled with BURMESE Buddhism. Rohingya problem or even the name is made for sabotage. Dayan Jayathilake says, present problems in SINHALE is because of RUSSIAN and CHINESE EURASIAN trade block expansion is the problem and sri lanka is in the middle.
    I am pretty sure that you are well aware of these facts.

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    Islamaphobia and the resulting isolation of the Muslims from the other communities in this country will push the radical Muslims to serve the interests of the arms manufacturers.
    It is imperative at this most critical moment for all communities in this country to join hands and forget whatever differences we may have to avoid another armed confrontation in the future
    The Tamil diaspora funded a war for thirty years, the radical Muslims have a Muslim world that can provide funds for ever and a day.
    My only wish is that the present strong gusts of racist winds do not .develop into a tornado and carry us all away to a point worse than what it is today

  • 4
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    To the best of one’s knowledge the articles on the 2019 Lankan Easter Sunday blamed the Muslims.
    Some commenters did not even attempt to hide the Islamophobia obscuring their vision.
    Prof Jayadeva Uyangoda is the first to point out the ill that will come crashing if the wave of Islamophobia is not restrained.
    Thank you for that Jeyadeva.
    .
    There are silver linings in our reactions. Violence did not spill over to the streets.
    People will not resort to violence but the bussed in goons, if any, do or did.
    A unique feature: Muslims have accepted their role in the tragedy. GoSL must use this courageous act. People can contain violence. Investments in ammunitions, fighter jets, helicopters, warships and the like may not help.
    Equally important is the need to bridle extreme nationalists of the Bodu Bala Sena (BBS) ilk.

  • 0
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    This comment was removed by a moderator because it didn’t abide by our Comment policy.For more detail see our Comment policy https://www.colombotelegraph.com/index.php/comments-policy-2

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    Sri Lanka won’t be able to stop ISLAMOPHOBIA until the 15th amendment is culled and go back to the former status.

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    This article too should be translated into Sinhala and Tamil and published in our local papers. I share your fears that some individuals and parties are trying to create a situation of ‘ungovernability’ and distance the citizens from the government and try to build on the fears of the ordinary people to create an environment of insecurity. We must trust the security leadership to carry out its duties to arrest the destructive activities of the terrorists and bring them to justice but within the framework of national security and not harming the sensitivities of the Muslim community. Prior to that the security lapses of those responsible, political and otherwise must be brought to light. They must be held responsible for the loss of lives and the damage caused. But these measures must go hand in hand with ensuring goodwill, understanding and compassion among the citizens. We are not a people who hunt down perpetrators, even those of the worst caliber, mercilessly and heartlessly. We are a nation of deep spirituality and understanding and that must be harnessed to drive our relations and interactions with each other. The holy season of Vesak is upon us, the Muslim community has entered into their period of fasting, Christians celebrate the Easter season . Let love, compassion and understanding guide us.

    • 0
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      “Ethel”, you should be the one to do it. First translate your ‘iskrinna’ name to a Sinhala one and then start learning the language and culture of this country,
      ]
      You are worse danger to this country than the Islamic terrorists.

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    Some muslims writers here I think was writing for NATO to say buddhists are bad and they were trying to create A friction between Muslims and buddhists. On the other hand, Muslim used the ISLAMOPHOBIA card to expand in Srilanka and nad to haraess sinhala people. The very same thing happened with Protestants.

  • 1
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    After the immediate victims of the bombs I feel most sorry for the decent honest Moslems of this country. There is nothing like being suspected of a crime you never even dreamed to commit.

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