{"id":127085,"date":"2014-06-30T11:46:39","date_gmt":"2014-06-30T06:16:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/?p=127085"},"modified":"2014-07-07T13:07:42","modified_gmt":"2014-07-07T07:37:42","slug":"the-mystery-of-the-second-wave-of-sinhala-ethnic-nationalism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/index.php\/the-mystery-of-the-second-wave-of-sinhala-ethnic-nationalism\/","title":{"rendered":"The Mystery Of The Second Wave Of Sinhala Ethnic Nationalism"},"content":{"rendered":"

By\u00a0Shyamon Jayasinghe<\/a><\/span>\u00a0–<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"Shyamon<\/a>

Shyamon Jayasinghe<\/p><\/div>\n

The first wave of Sinhala ethnic nationalism emerged in the Bandaranaike<\/span><\/a> era during the mid- fifties and rather gradually morphed into a 26 year-old civil war that was brought to an end only a few years ago. Although the guns are down the embers of that bloody conflict are still burning; waiting to flare up again, given foolish handling by the government and Sinhala nationalists<\/span><\/a>. As one observes in the world of today, ethno-nationalism is a most intractable area of collective human relationships. It is a serious challenge to countries with many ethnic groups who show a strength that surpasses their relative numbers.<\/span><\/p>\n

We are used to thinking and saying that the Tamil minority was the target of that first wave of Sinhala Buddhist \u2013led nationalism. That is not correct.<\/b> I recall that the appeal of lay leaders (LH Mettananda, FR Jayasuriya etc.) monks, and political demagogues on stage at the time were to seek \u00a0a renaissance of Sinhala culture and Sinhala pride that had been lost under colonial rule and the post-colonial kalu- sudda<\/i> rule. The idea was reasonable and instantly became a material force among the broad masses of Sinhala people that included even the Christian Sinhala population.<\/p>\n

The problem about that wave, however, was that in the Sinhala world of the day the Tamils did not exist; it wasn\u2019t a case of antagonism towards the Tamil people. Hence, Tamils were not the target- at least to begin with. What happened to the Tamil community initially had been collateral damage. <\/b>Obsessed by their overwhelming majority Sinhala leaders didn\u2019t have the empathy and wisdom to anticipate that. On the other hand, Tamil nationalist politicians exploited the threatening situation and the conflict transformed into a long Sinhala-Tamil imbroglio thereafter. \u00a0The discourse that ensued was defined by a counting game on both sides: \u201cThey ask far too much considering their numbers;\u201dHow much we have given them;\u201d and so on that discourse went. The lunatic fringe of Sinhala extremists went on an assaulting, burning and killing rampage. To do justice, the broad masses of decent Sinhala folk kept out of this phase of the aggression.<\/p>\n

\"Mahinda<\/a>The Sinhalese people and the country at large palpably experienced the damage that came out of that first wave. Thousands of lives were lost and property destroyed. The clock of progress was severely halted. A huge part of the budget went to keeping defense when that money could have been siphoned off to improve, infrastructure, education, health and the general well-being of the population.<\/p>\n

Given that collective experience, this second wave against Muslims doesn\u2019t seem to pull off with the broad masses. It has the general appearance of being artificially constructed and carried out by a few organized mobs<\/b>. \u00a0Some curious questions arise: from where did this emanate and how is this second wave of lunacy funded?\u00a0 In terms of the national interest a high-level commission of enquiry is justified. The fact that President Mahinda Rajapaksa<\/span><\/a> and the Defense Ministry were silent over this development for such a long time until it catapulted to Aluthgama<\/span><\/a>-Beruwela is itself a mystery. It started off a year ago with the militant Buddhist organizations \u2013the Bodu Bala Sena<\/span><\/a> in the frontline- organizing protests over Halal. There were attacks on Christian Churches, too, but that seems a sideshow now.<\/p>\n

Even after Aluthgama-Beruwela \u00a0where four persons were killed, hundreds of property destroyed, and parents fleeing for safety with kids in their arms, the machinery of the law has to date not been applied. An enquiry should have been held in the first place to determine the culprits. The main offender, Galagoda Aththe Gnanasara<\/span><\/a>, should have been arrested after his speech; yet he is roaming free and showing open disregard for the law. An unsacred sacred cow he is. The lukewarm government response sounds strange against a governance background where charges are cocked up against anyone who dares to cross the Rajapaksa path (example General Sarath Fonseka<\/span><\/a>). It all doesn\u2019t stack up considering the recent Weliweriya<\/span><\/a> incident when residents gathered to protest against a government-favored industrialist who was contaminating underground water resources that belonged to the village. Capriciousness and not consistency is the mark of dictatorial and arbitrary rule.<\/b><\/p>\n

Just take a look at the transcript of the Aluthgama Gnanasara speech<\/span><\/a> and you will get the message:<\/p>\n

“What we have here is a Sinhala Police and Sinhala Army. From today onwards, if any Marakkalaya (pejorative for Muslims) or any other pariah touched a Sinhalese, let alone saffron robe, that is the end of all of them…
\n“Some of our Sakkili Ministers call us, racists. Yes, we are racists. This is not a single incident, but it is a sequence of events. Now, a monk who helped a woman has been taken to Court. That is the Walaththa law of this country, introduced by Suddas. It breads Kalu Suddhas.
\n“Recently, a kid who came to a clothing shop at Aluthgama had their sexual organs squeezed. Yako! (devil), when that happened, police failed to take legal action, fearing that it would incite racism.
\n“I ask the police, did the Sinhalese and Buddhists ever attack the minorities. It is not because we are not capable of doing that. Therefore, we are telling you, this is the time for us to organize. If we fail to do that, the next generation would curse us\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

The reference to the \u2018Sinhala police and Sinhala army is a confirmation of LTTE rhetoric. The pejorative reference to Muslims is meant to incite hate in the audience. This reflects a total lack of respect for others and a mental readiness to humiliate others. The monk has also vowed to take the law unto his hands and punish the Muslims. He is on top of the law. He also appears to be revealing an obsession with sexual organs.<\/p>\n

After all this, Galagoda Aththe Gnanasara claims to be a Buddha Putra and he dons the sacred robe. Little wonder that Ven Kirama Wimalajothi<\/span><\/a>, the head of the BBS, publicly distanced<\/span><\/a> himself from this kind of barbaric BBS violence.<\/p>\n

The BBS seemed to have emerged from nowhere and all of a sudden, in the year that passed.<\/b> It seems to be well resourced as the Aluthgama tragedy unveiled. It appears to be getting external backing from armed sources. Gun fire and rifle attacks killed the four persons. Vasudeva Nanayakkara, Minister in charge of Ethnic Harmony-whatever that may mean to the government- issued a statement pointing out that the mob was brought from outside. All this amounts to an orchestrated attack with external support. There is a lot of talk that President Mahinda Rajapaksa and his brother<\/span><\/a>, the Defense Secretary are backing the BBS. Even a partial apologist for the government-Dayan Jayatilleka<\/span><\/a>– in an article states with tongue in cheek that \u201cthe President may or may not be involved.\u201d What is on record, however, is that Gotabaya Rajapaksa had graced the Galle AGM Meeting of the BBS. I have yet to see either of these two condemning BBS. What do all these circumstances point to? You don\u2019t need a Hercule Poirot to answer this.<\/p>\n

President Mahinda Rajapakse at first put the blame on the always available anonymous enemy of the nation, namely \u2018external forces.\u2019 What has jogged up the President now is his meeting with Ambassadors of Arab countries who had spelt out possible repercussions from Muslim countries if this state of affairs is allowed to go on<\/b>. Housemaids may have to pack their bags; petrol supplies may be in danger, and so on. Tamils were easier prey- weren\u2019t they?<\/p>\n

There is another thing that the President could do and that is to rein in his Minister Patali Champika Ranawaka<\/span><\/a> (PCR) who has been sympathetic to the BBS. At a meeting of the JHU in Paris<\/span><\/a>, PCR warned the audience that Lanka\u2019s Muslim population is growing like mice or rabbits and instilled a chilling fear that the noble Sinhala Buddhist civilization will be wiped out in time. He presented statistics to fool the audience not reminding them that the Sinhalese population also had grown over the years at the same pace. I have already pointed out in another peace how PCR uttered a litany of other lies before that cheering Paris Sinhala-Buddhist audience. This is a Minister of Government! PCR is the Secretary General of the JHU who are in parliament \u201cto save the nation.\u201d The JHU is playing for a further lease of parliamentary life before their car permits expire.<\/p>\n

Falsehoods come like water to the extremist ethnic nationalists. I saw another video of a BBS meeting at Kurunegala where a man called Chamila Liyanage, an alleged lecturer at Hyderabad University, made an emotional speech punctuating every line devotedly with, \u201cAney Hamuduruwane!\u201d and showing what a great race the Sinhala are and pointing out that the Northern Provincial Council Chief Minister, Wigesweran<\/span><\/a>, is the 21st<\/sup> century Elara. Liyanage didn\u2019t perhaps know that King Elara who had ruled for nearly forty years in Lanka and was popular had not been pro-Tamil at all and that the Elara-Dutiugenmunu war had not been a war between races at all.<\/p>\n

Professor KM De Silva, contemporary Sri Lanka historian in his book, The History of Sri Lanka, points out that the Tamil community came to the island only a few centuries after the Sinhala. They have since grown with subsequent additions. Sinhalese Kings had amicable relations with the Tamils of India and some of them chose wives from among Tamils. Professor states that the early relations of the Sinhalese and Tamils had been friendly and tolerant and never hostile. Muslims came much later but they have enjoyed royal patronage, stayed a considerable time and got established contributing very much to the economy and even to Sinhalese art. Remember Mohideen Beig?<\/p>\n

In the light of KM De Silva\u2019s historical scholarship the JHU and other Sinhala ethnic- nationalists should rethink Sri Lankan history. They will then realize to their surprise that the real Sihala Urumaya was defined by amicable relations with minority groups<\/b>. We have to pick up on that tradition and ripen it if we are to survive-let alone to grow and develop. We simply have to learn to live side by side with others who are only superficially different. The alternative is none other than self-destruction. That is the Hobson\u2019s Choice for Sinhala- Buddhist nationalists. Taken in the right spirit that can be a delightful choice that would enrich our nation<\/b>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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