{"id":137988,"date":"2015-01-27T00:10:50","date_gmt":"2015-01-26T18:40:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/?p=137988"},"modified":"2015-02-01T01:21:24","modified_gmt":"2015-01-31T19:51:24","slug":"sri-lankas-media-needs-constitutional-as-well-as-professional-reform","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/index.php\/sri-lankas-media-needs-constitutional-as-well-as-professional-reform\/","title":{"rendered":"Sri Lanka’s Media Needs Constitutional As Well As Professional Reform"},"content":{"rendered":"

By Rohan Jayasekera<\/span><\/a> –<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Rohan<\/a>

Rohan Jayasekera<\/p><\/div>\n

Any nation\u2019s media\u00a0would be hard pressed keeping track of a landslide of political change, environmental crises, imminent constitutional reform and a general election, all while keeping safe from a generation of assassins used to impunity.<\/p>\n

When the media itself needs reform too, the problems might seem overwhelming. This is why Sri Lanka needs a constitutionally recognised national commission to oversee that reform and ensure freedom of expression is properly defended.<\/p>\n

Maithripala Sirisena<\/span><\/a>\u2019s\u00a0unexpected and virtually peaceful election win\u00a0over incumbent President Mahinda Rajapaksa<\/span><\/a> was quickly painted as a game changer for the country\u2019s media.<\/p>\n

He and new prime minister Ranil Wickremesinghe<\/span><\/a> began well by lifting blocks on independent news websites banned by the old regime. Exiled journalists were urged<\/span><\/a> to return. Sirisena also promised to use his new authority toinvestigate the 2009 murder of combative political journalist Lasantha Wickrematunge<\/span><\/a>, whose killers are still free.<\/p>\n

But the early offers soon began to look token. There was no matching commitment to identify the killers of cartoonist\u00a0Prageeth Ekneligoda<\/span><\/a>, who went missing five years ago, or the men behind the notorious \u2018white van\u2019 abductions of peaceful activists. In fact Sirisena\u2019s commitment to media freedom looks somewhat qualified.<\/p>\n

\"Ranil<\/a><\/p>\n

*Srisena and new prime minister Ranil Wickremesinghe began well by lifting blocks on independent news websites banned by the old regime.<\/em><\/p>\n

A series of special\u00a0<\/strong>expert commissions will be established to oversee an independent review of the judiciary, police, public services, elections, human rights and anti-corruption measures, to written into authority by a 19th Amendment to the constitution. Pointedly perhaps, the list does not include a commission on the media.<\/p>\n

Plans for an independent Media Commission are not new, and were excluded from what was eventually enacted as the\u00a017th Amendment to Sri Lanka\u2019s Constitution\u00a0in 2001. Media rights groups should steel themselves for a fight to ensure that the much-needed body is not excluded again.<\/p>\n

Uvindu Kurukulasuriya<\/span><\/a>, editor of the once banned\u00a0Colombo Telegraph, thinks it unfortunate that the new government will not establish a media commission, but thinks it was deliberate. \u201cThey are not willing to transform state media into (independent) public service broadcasters, and they don\u2019t want to broad-base (collectivise) the state owned Lake House newspaper group.\u201d<\/p>\n

The journalist and legal scholar Asanga Welikala<\/span><\/a> calls for the founding of an Independent Media Commission on the recommendation of the Constitutional Council and represent working journalists, academics proprietors and new media.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe Commission once constituted would have overall oversight of public service media and would be answerable to Parliament,\u201d he argued for the online political journal\u00a0Groundviews. \u201cIts primary role would be to oversee the public service media institutions, but may include other powers and functions, including the regulation of the (new and traditional) media marketplace, and to promote the freedom of expression in all its forms including through new technology.\u201d<\/p>\n

Kurukulasuriya urges action to break the grip of the political appointees heading the country\u2019s major public and private media companies. The co-option of the owners was the subtler side of the old regime\u2019s system of media control, he says. \u201cThe previous Rajapaksa regime changed the ownerships of several media institutions through intimidation,\u201d<\/p>\n

Self-censorship drove the majority; more deadly means of censorship were reserved for the small cadres of independent journalists who could not be bought or fired, says Kurukulasuriya. Will the government go on reading \u201cmedia freedom\u201d as owners\u2019 rights, not journalists\u2019 rights?<\/p>\n

Reforming the Sri Lankan media is a vast task. The counter-intuitively named Independent Television Network needs privatisation and the nominally public Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation (SLBC), and the Sri Lanka Rupavahini Corporation (SLRC), needs a proper public service broadcast mandate and an end to political interference.\u00a0A constitutionally mandated Media Commission could appoint and \u2018audit\u2019 the works of a new Independent Broadcasting Authority founded to oversee their works.<\/p>\n

There is justice still to be found too. According to the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ),\u00a0Sri Lanka has the fourth worst record\u00a0on its 2014 Impunity Index, which spotlights countries where journalists are murdered and the killers remain free.<\/p>\n

In an open letter to Rajapaksa on the eve of elections, Wickrematunge\u2019s widow Sonali Samarasinghe wrote: \u201cAt no time in the history of our country has the freedom of expression so brutally been repressed as it is now. Such media as do operate in the country, have been transformed either into propaganda mouthpieces for you and your brothers, or bullied into submission.\u201d<\/p>\n

The state media\u2019s job is to \u201creflect the line of whatever government is in power,\u201d admitted Rajpal Abeynayake, the editor of the state-run Daily News in a memorable\u00a0post-election quote to the Guardian\u2019s Amantha Perera. \u201cIf the government changes, so does the newspaper. It\u2019s as simple as that. If they want to change that practice they could, but so far no government has done it.\u201d<\/p>\n

Sirisena is showing little inclination to substantively change matters. The chairman of the state-owned Lake House newspaper group, morning news show anchor and well documented supporter of the Rajapakse family, Bandula Padmakumara, went just a few hours after the election results came in. But few others have followed.<\/p>\n

The new president may have to rely on these established partners in self-censorship to help shore up his \u201cfragile, sprawling and diverse\u201d coalition, as the New York Times described it. During the election campaign old favours may be called in and the media expected to help paper over the coalition\u2019s cracks.<\/p>\n

Without greater independence the Sri Lankan media will not be able to fairly and accurately report the campaign. International and regional media rights groups need to heap pressure of their own on Sirusena\u2019s new media ministry secretary, Karunarathna Paranawithana, who decribes himself on his Facebook page as a \u201cdiplomat, journalist (and) political activist\u201d.<\/p>\n

The appointment of a constitutionally recognised commission for the media next month would not do much to change this situation in time for an election call in April, but it would send a clear message to embattled journalists that change was on the agenda and risks were worth taking.<\/p>\n

According to Sirisena\u2019s own\u00a0strict 100 day schedule<\/span><\/a>, his administration will establish the independent commissions on Wednesday February 18. There\u2019s still time to add one on media to the list.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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