{"id":157430,"date":"2016-02-12T15:09:37","date_gmt":"2016-02-12T09:39:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/?p=157430"},"modified":"2016-02-17T00:16:20","modified_gmt":"2016-02-16T18:46:20","slug":"it-is-the-governments-responsibility-to-end-this-anarchy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/index.php\/it-is-the-governments-responsibility-to-end-this-anarchy\/","title":{"rendered":"It Is The Government\u2019s Responsibility To End This Anarchy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/?s=Basil+Fernando&amp;x=12&amp;y=4\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Basil Fernando<\/span><\/a> &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_156691\" style=\"width: 160px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/index.php\/a-suggested-overall-framework-for-reconciliation-discourse\/basil-fernando\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-156691\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-156691\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-156691\" src=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Basil-Fernando-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Basil Fernando\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Basil-Fernando-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Basil-Fernando-50x50.jpg 50w, https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Basil-Fernando.jpg 283w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-156691\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Basil Fernando<\/p><\/div>\n<p>One year has passed since the appointment of the new\u00a0government.\u00a0Undoubtedly, some changes have taken place and further changes are\u00a0being discussed. However, there is one very important \u2013 perhaps the\u00a0most important \u2013 issue, which has been entirely ignored. This\u00a0fundamental omission concerns the stability of Sri Lanka as a nation;\u00a0it is something that underpins the achievement of peace and the\u00a0economic progress of the nation. The elephant in the room that has\u00a0been ignored is the ability to enforce law in Sri Lanka.<\/p>\n<p>Currently, all these institutions are in extremely dysfunctional\u00a0states. The citizens of this nation suffer in a state of anarchy. The\u00a0word anarchy here refers to the failure of the State to enforce the\u00a0law through its legitimate agencies, such as the police, the\u00a0corruption control agency, the Attorney General\u2019s Department that is\u00a0involved in the prosecution of offenses, and the Judiciary that is\u00a0meant to adjudicate and ensure justice.<\/p>\n<p>This anarchy is, of course, not a problem that has been created by the\u00a0present government. It is a product of many factors, which includes\u00a0the failure of the infant State, which came into being on 4 February\u00a01948, to grown up into an adult State. The growth of an infant state\u00a0into an adult one means that the state is able to develop just laws\u00a0and is able to enforce those laws through its legitimate organs.<\/p>\n<p>The Sri Lankan State has, however, not yet learnt the basic skills of\u00a0running a state apparatus. This has been the cause of many problems.\u00a0These problems include extreme forms of violence, which developed,\u00a0particularly since 1971 and for many decades after, and serious\u00a0conflicts relating to the inability to provide equal protection of the\u00a0law to everyone, including the minorities. Despite the present\u00a0government not having a hand in these factors, without solving this\u00a0problem, it cannot help Sri Lanka attain any of the dreams it has\u00a0spoken about, or help realize some of the dreams people now dream\u00a0about.<\/p>\n<p>Practically speaking, a person who sets out to pursue his or her dream\u00a0should have a vehicle to travel in. For a government, this vehicle is\u00a0the apparatus of the state, i.e. the legitimate organs of the\u00a0government. If these legitimate organs are broken in the way the\u00a0engine of a vehicle is broken or the wheels of a vehicle are broken it\u00a0is not possible to makethe journey without first doing some serious\u00a0fixing.<\/p>\n<p>This is exactly what has happened to Sri Lanka since independence in\u00a01948. And, it has been aggravated in the last 40 years of conflicts\u00a0and violence and enormous loss of life and liberty of thousands of\u00a0people.<\/p>\n<p>The challenge then and now is to make the vehicle capable of moving,\u00a0capable of carrying the State and the people towards their goals. And,\u00a0this requires taking all the possible steps to get the\u00a0essential components of vehicle, i.e. the basic State apparatus,\u00a0repaired as soon as possible. This, in turn, requires human resources\u00a0and also financial and other resources.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, the duty of the government, first and foremost, is to\u00a0provide these resources, so that the State will once again have a\u00a0functioning apparatus that the people and the government can work\u00a0with. To anthropomorphise, it will have the hands, the legs, and the\u00a0physical organs to work and function.<\/p>\n<p>At the moment, the government has not yet given a thought to this; it\u00a0has not declared its policies on this fundamental issue, of repairing\u00a0the essential State institutions to both ensure justice and\u00a0effectively enforce the law; and there doesn\u2019t seem to be even an\u00a0attempt being made to consider the same.<\/p>\n<p>That said, an opportunity has arisen where a national discourse is\u00a0possible on these issues. This opportunity has come as a result of the\u00a0government announcing that it wants to change the Constitution and\u00a0that a committee has been appointed to consult people about the\u00a0reforms they wish the government must embark upon.<\/p>\n<p>Thus, there is a possibility of vigorous discourse, in terms of what\u00a0the people think are the priorities that should be achieved within Sri\u00a0Lanka. And, it is to be hoped that all will participate, particularly\u00a0those who are aware of what constitutions are and what they are\u00a0supposed to achieve, and that in this participation an opportunity\u00a0will arise to educate the population for a higher understanding of\u00a0what the State is all about and how it can and should serve the needs\u00a0of the people,especially the need for the protection of all persons.<\/p>\n<p>To aid and further this discussion in light of the opportunity that\u00a0presents,what follows is a brief description of the requirements in a\u00a0functioning Sri Lankan State apparatus.<\/p>\n<p>Currently, there is utter dysfunctionality in the Sri Lankan Police\u00a0Service, the Prosecutions Department, and the Judiciary, with the term\u00a0dysfunctional here meaning that these institutions are unable to\u00a0performtheir most basic duties.<\/p>\n<p>So, what are these basic duties?<\/p>\n<p>The primaryduty for the police begins with the facilitation of quick\u00a0intake of complaints by victims of crimes and human rights abuse, in a\u00a0courteous and efficient manner, so that the people have trust and\u00a0comeforward to make their complaints to the organs of the state.<\/p>\n<p>Following the taking of statements from complainants, the next step is\u00a0themaintenanceof all the books relating to such complaints, with the\u00a0highest possible protection, and not to tamper with these documents or\u00a0allow any kind of distortion.<\/p>\n<p>Investigating into the crimes based on the complaints, according to\u00a0due process provided for in the Criminal Procedure Code, would be the\u00a0next basic duty of a functional system. This would require the\u00a0competence of officers to investigate.<\/p>\n<p>In the modern setting, investigation capacities have been identified,\u00a0and there are easily accessible opportunities for training to develop\u00a0capacity for rational and efficient investigating techniques into\u00a0crimes. Skills, such as the capacity to interview in an intelligent\u00a0manner, the capacity to gather evidence that could be brought to the\u00a0attention of the accused so that the accused may be required to\u00a0explain such evidence, and the ability to effectively use modern\u00a0technology for investigation, are skills that can be acquired. The\u00a0skills of using forensic sciences and technology, such as recording\u00a0and photographic instruments, and many other types of technologies,\u00a0are constantly being developed and improved around the world, and are\u00a0available at affordable prices. Competent investigators in the present\u00a0age must be equipped with such technology and skills.<\/p>\n<p>Next comes the duty of the investigators to provide a faithful record\u00a0of what they have obtained by way of evidence to the Attorney\u00a0General\u2019s Department, without making any distortions. And, then it\u00a0is for the Attorney General to pursue the record, identify if a crime\u00a0has been committed, and then immediately prepare indictments if such a\u00a0crime has, in fact, been discovered. This is something that needs to\u00a0be done carefully, but at the same time efficiently, without the\u00a0wastage of time.<\/p>\n<p>And, finally we have the turn of the Courts, which have many duties.\u00a0The first basic duty of the Courts in a functional system is to\u00a0receive all parties that come to the Court \u2013 the police, the\u00a0prosecutors, as well as the people \u2013 courteously and with due\u00a0respect. Thereafter, abasic duty of the Courts is to conduct the\u00a0proceedings in the manner prescribed by the law and not to allow any\u00a0type of delays in this matter.<\/p>\n<p>And, it is this last duty that is the greatest challenge to the\u00a0maintaining of an efficient State mechanism in Sri Lanka. The delays\u00a0in adjudication that are taking place in our legal system are a source\u00a0of many forms of corruption and a source of many forms of abuse of\u00a0power.<\/p>\n<p>When a result of crime \u2013 whether a crime was committed or not \u2013\u00a0can be known only some ten or fourteen years later, at a time when the\u00a0society has lost interest in this crimeand its conviction, then the\u00a0system is a dysfunctional one.<\/p>\n<p>To have a social impact, with a deterrent effect, there needs to be\u00a0reasonably quick disposal of cases so that the people remember the\u00a0crime, and they remember the punishment. And, thereby, the society can\u00a0learn a lesson: to avoid certain kinds of conduct in the future.<\/p>\n<p>The failure of Courts by way of delays is the greatest failure, and it\u00a0is something for which all Sri Lankan governments are responsible.<\/p>\n<p>It is not only the Judiciary that is responsible for these failures;\u00a0it is the government that must provide resources and all the\u00a0facilities and also proper persons who are selected only on the basis\u00a0of competence and integrity to run judicial institutions. On all these\u00a0matters there have been tremendous backward steps since the\u00a0promulgation of the 1972 and 1978 constitutions.<\/p>\n<p>If the legal process takes place and takes place quickly, it does not\u00a0merely solve individual crimes or individual abuse of violations of\u00a0rights, it creates a state apparatus that the people will see as\u00a0functioning efficiently and thereby it will bring about order.<\/p>\n<p>It is the loss of order that is considered as anarchy. What prevails\u00a0in Sri Lanka, as a result of dysfunctional basic institutions, is\u00a0disorder, and disorder means anarchy.<\/p>\n<p>The responsibility for the prevailing anarchy must be taken by whoever\u00a0is running the government at the particular time. So, despite not\u00a0being behind the factors that have led Sri Lanka to this state of\u00a0anarchy, it is, therefore, the new government that bears the\u00a0responsibility for addressing the disorder that has spread in Sri\u00a0Lanka, and it is this government that must quickly redress the problem\u00a0by bringing in the necessary changes in terms of the repair work and\u00a0the resources for this repair work.<\/p>\n<p>It is these budgeted resources in Sri Lanka that are mostly lacking,\u00a0and not as much the law. And, it is the duty of the government to\u00a0provide these resources. If not, the government will fail in its\u00a0primary duty, and keep the State of Sri Lanka as an infant State and\u00a0thereby one incapable of serving the needs of Sri Lanka.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p> [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":156691,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,46,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-157430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-colombotelegraph","category-constitutional-reforms","category-editorial"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>It Is The Government\u2019s Responsibility To End This Anarchy - Colombo Telegraph<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/index.php\/it-is-the-governments-responsibility-to-end-this-anarchy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"It Is The Government\u2019s Responsibility To End This Anarchy - 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