{"id":183269,"date":"2017-10-22T20:56:54","date_gmt":"2017-10-22T15:26:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/?p=183269"},"modified":"2017-10-30T18:33:05","modified_gmt":"2017-10-30T13:03:05","slug":"mmda-reforms-ulema-insists-women-must-play-second-fiddle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/index.php\/mmda-reforms-ulema-insists-women-must-play-second-fiddle\/","title":{"rendered":"MMDA Reforms: Ulema Insists Women Must Play Second Fiddle\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"
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All Ceylon Jamiyyathul Ulema (ACJU<\/a>) in its latest submission to the Muslim Personal Law Reforms Committee\u00a0<\/span>Chaired<\/span>\u00a0by<\/span>\u00a0Former<\/span>\u00a0Justice<\/span>\u00a0Saleem<\/a><\/span>\u00a0Marsoof, rejected any key changes to the Muslim Marriage and Divorce Act<\/a> of 1951 (MMDA) instead bringing in strong theological support to the first report<\/a> which came into severe criticism from the Muslim intelligentsia.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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The new\u00a0<\/a><\/span>37 page document, outlines the position of the ACJU with regard to the proposed changes, all of which have been rejected on the grounds of non-conformity with Sharia.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\"\"<\/a>

Rizwe Mufthi<\/p><\/div>\n

The ACJU is an unelected body with its head Mufthi Rizwe<\/a> holding the post of chairman for over a decade. The submission by the ACJU renounces all theological and interpretational advances made in Islamic jurisprudence and instead used pre medieval comprehension to assert its view, again.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rizwe in repeated Jumma sermons had insisted that females should wear the Nikab and has been a strong opponent of any reform to the MMDA Insisting on ideals such as marriage at the age of 6 being permissible.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Rejecting the need to introduce females as Quazi\u2019s (judges) into the Quazi Court System,\u00a0<\/span>the ACJU\u00a0<\/span>is of the view that as per\u00a0<\/span>all major Islamic schools of thought \u201c<\/span>it is not permissible for a woman to be appointed as a judge, and if she is appointed, the one who appointed her is sinning, and her appointment is invalid, and her judgements carry no weight, no matter what ruling she passes.<\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

They further quote the hadith\u00a0<\/span>\u201cNo people will ever prosper who appoint a woman in charge of their affairs,\u201d\u00a0<\/span>which according to the ACJU\u00a0<\/span>\u201c<\/span>is general in meaning and applies to all positions of public authority. So it is not permissible to appoint a woman, because the word ‘affairs’<\/span>\u00a0is general in meaning and includes all the public affairs of the Muslims<\/span>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Rejecting\u00a0<\/span>the appointment of<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>female<\/span>s<\/span>\u00a0to be appointed as marriage<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>registrars, the ACJU\u00a0<\/span>expresses that the appointment of a woman would lead to compromise on important \u201cshari\u2019ah concerns\u201d\u00a0<\/span>since marriages are\u00a0<\/span>recommended to be held at Mosques and are\u00a0<\/span>con<\/span>ducted in the presence of males.\u00a0<\/span>The document does not specify\u00a0<\/span>the<\/span>\u00a0\u201c<\/span>S<\/span>hari<\/span>\u2019<\/span>ah aspects\u201d. The document further notes that in the case of a marriage happening outside a mosque<\/span>\u00a0\u201c<\/span>the traveling of women alone, the mingling of women with non-mahram men and processing the registration will no doubt have practical and Shari\u2019ah concerns.<\/span>\u201d\u00a0<\/span>A\u00a0<\/span>Mahram\u00a0<\/span>male is one who falls within the prohibited degrees of marriage for a woman as per\u00a0<\/span>Islam<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Further, according to these submissions, for a valid marriage to happen, Islam requires four people, none of which includes the bride herself. The four accordingly are the guardian of the bride referred to as the\u00a0wali<\/span><\/em>\u00a0<\/span>(usually father,\u00a0uncle,\u00a0or brother of the bride),\u00a0<\/span>the bridegroom, and two Muslim male witnesses who are familiar with the two contracting parties.<\/p>\n

Unlike the rest of the country where the bride herself signs her marriage form signifying consent, the MMDA requires the guardian\u00a0of the bride\u00a0to sign for and on behalf of her. Women\u2019s groups have been demanding<\/a> for the right to be given to the bride herself, however, the ACJU in its document recommends the brides signature in addition to her guardians signature stating \u201cin no circumstance it should indicate that without the consent of\u00a0<\/span>Wali<\/span><\/em>, a bride on her own free will, can proceed with her marriage<\/span>\u201d<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0The requirement is in line with pre medieval practices in which women were betrothed by men who believed they were chattel of men.<\/p>\n

The ACJU further notes\u00a0<\/span>\u201cthe<\/span>\u00a0father is generally the\u00a0<\/span>Wali<\/span><\/em>\u00a0of the bride, and he may marry her off without her consent, if she is a virgin, provided certain conditions are met. It is, however,\u00a0<\/span>Mustahab<\/span>\u00a0(recommended) to acquire\u00a0<\/span>the consent of the bride prior to marriage<\/span>\u201d<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The MMDA unlike the General Marriage Law of the Country does not recognize 18 as the minimum age of marriage. Under the MMDA a girl below 12 years can be wedded off with the authorization of the Quazi. This practice has been criticized at various forums for not being in line with international standards. The ACJU in their submissions<\/span>\u00a0recommends the minimum age to be raised to 18,\u00a0<\/span>however lays out\u00a0<\/span>that approval\u00a0<\/span>should<\/span>\u00a0be obtained from a Quazi for marriages between age 16-18. It further states that marriage below 16 if occurred,\u00a0<\/span>should not be invalidated under the<\/span>\u00a0MMDA. Thereby stating that the status quo of child marriage should remain intact.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Rejecting that limitations should be placed on entering into polygamous marriages<\/span>\u00a0the ACJU opines<\/span>\u00a0that a proper<\/span>\u00a0reading of the Quranic verses on polygamy\u00a0<\/span>permits<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>the practice without\u00a0<\/span>exceptions of circumstance.<\/span>\u00a0The ACJU sees no reason to place restrictions on such practice \u201cdue to few unfortunate situations that arise in polygamous marriages\u201d<\/span>. Some Muslim countries have banned this practice as outdated and women\u2019s groups have been lobbying for the same in Sri Lanka.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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The ACJU further states that the equal treatment of wives as prescribed in the Quran is limited to what is \u00a0under\u00a0<\/span>man<\/span>\u2019<\/span>s control and that \u201c<\/span>love and the tilt of the heart are something out of man’s control<\/span>\u201d<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Progressive interpretations of Quranic verses has a<\/span>ccepted that the stringent requirement of treating women equally in effect was a move towards restricting polygamous marriages and setting the standards for monogamous unions.<\/span><\/p>\n

The document further states that according to\u00a0<\/span>Islamic Jurisprudence<\/span>\u00a0there is no requirement that\u00a0<\/span>Talaq<\/span><\/em>\u00a0<\/span>should be only pronounced<\/span>\u00a0in the presence of the Quazi\u00a0<\/span>,\u00a0<\/span>and if pronounced in the absence of the Quazi, the\u00a0<\/span>Talaq<\/span><\/em>\u00a0is invalid<\/span>. Talaq<\/em> is the d<\/span>ivorce option<\/span>\u00a0of divorce<\/span>\u00a0a man is entitled, which is a unilateral form of divorce,\u00a0<\/span>which does not require the statement of reasons\u00a0<\/span>and is recognized under the MMDA.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The MPL Reform committee was appointed in 2009 by the then Justice Ministry and includes two\u00a0<\/span>members from the All Ceylon Jam<\/span>iyyathul Ulama<\/span>,\u00a0<\/span>Ash Sheikh Rizwe Mufthi, Chairman\u00a0<\/span>and\u00a0<\/span>Ash<\/span>\u00a0Sheikh M.M. Mubarak, Secretary.\u00a0<\/span>The ACJU has strong political backing\u00a0<\/span>and resources\u00a0<\/span>and\u00a0<\/span>is the main barrier to reform the Muslim Marriage and Divorce Act. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Related Posts:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Justice Marsoof Commission Finalizing Recommendations For MMDA Amendment<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Sri Lankan Muslim Clerics Say Women Are Not Equal To Men, Defend Marriage Before Puberty<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Sri Lankan Muslim Clerics Revert Stance On MMDA Reform; But No Mention Of Child Marriage<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Muslim Clerics Acting In Bad Faith: Using All Resources To Hamper Progress On MMDA Reforms<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":175376,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,2186,1,6969,2375],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-183269","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-colombotelegraph","category-featured-news","category-news","category-popular-stories","category-stories"],"yoast_head":"\nMMDA Reforms: Ulema Insists Women Must Play Second Fiddle\u00a0 - Colombo Telegraph<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/index.php\/mmda-reforms-ulema-insists-women-must-play-second-fiddle\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MMDA Reforms: Ulema Insists Women Must Play Second Fiddle\u00a0 - 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