{"id":212056,"date":"2020-07-24T01:34:11","date_gmt":"2020-07-23T20:04:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/?p=212056"},"modified":"2020-07-28T23:25:45","modified_gmt":"2020-07-28T17:55:45","slug":"the-ignominy-of-1983-still-haunts-sri-lankas-collective-psyche","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/index.php\/the-ignominy-of-1983-still-haunts-sri-lankas-collective-psyche\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00a0The \u2018Ignominy Of 1983\u2019 Still Haunts\u00a0Sri Lanka\u2019s Collective Psyche!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong>By\u00a0<a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/?s=Mohamed+Harees&amp;x=15&amp;y=5\">Mohamed Harees<\/a>\u00a0\u2013<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_182610\" style=\"width: 160px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Lukman-Harees-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-182610\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-182610\" src=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Lukman-Harees-2-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Lukman-Harees-2-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Lukman-Harees-2-45x45.jpg 45w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-182610\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lukman Harees<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Any sensible nation would have learnt from the gory events that changed this island nation\u2019s history and sent a once booming economy into a downward trajectory, with billions of dollars since been spent on and thousands of lives lost as a result of the thirty year old<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>ethnic strife that followed \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/?s=July+1983\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Black July<\/span><\/a>\u2019. Although war ended in 2009,<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>Sri Lanka is nowhere yet near a point where bitter lessons were learnt to transform itself into an inclusive nation. With no political will and pseudo nationalist fever running high, turning into racist tantrums, the country which once outshone others in the region, is sadly on the path of self destruction , unless the people shows fresh resolve and determination to change the political course of history and its political culture.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>As the July 1983 anti-Tamil pogrom is fading into distant memory, senior journalist DBS Jeyaraj correctly cautioned, in his column in 2010, that \u2018the inherent danger in the pogrom of July 1983 being forgotten is that it may very well happen again. As the truism goes \u201cthose who do not remember the lessons of history are condemned to relive it again. Arguably had the memory of 1958 anti-Tamil violence been frequently re-visited, the incidents of 1977 and 1983 may not have recurred\u2026The ugly head of neo-fascism masquerading as patriotism is being raised. The Tamil people in particular and the minorities in general are being pilloried as \u201caliens\u201d and \u201cvisitors\u201d.The purveyors of racial hatred are spreading their evil gospel and irresponsible sections of the media are peddling it regularly. Communalist propaganda in the garb of pseudo nationalism is gaining ground\u2019. This was evidently seen in the Post-war era.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>After 1983, the Sri Lankan State lost legitimacy in the eyes of the Tamil community, as articulated best by former TULF Member of Parliament late Neelan Tiruchelvam, who described it as \u201cthe anomaly of imposing a mono ethnic state on a multi ethnic polity\u201d. The Sri Lankan State, began to be increasingly seen and perhaps also acting, as a Sinhala State, rather than a pluralistic, multi-ethnic and inclusive state.<\/p>\n<p>Sri Lanka would have been a paradise and even better than Singapore if not for this conflict. Around 1981-82, Sri Lanka \u2013 the first South Asia country to liberalise its economy, far ahead of India \u2013 had a booming economy and was heading for the kind of prosperity enjoyed by the \u2018Asian Tiger\u2019 economies when the conflict reversed the trend. To our collective shame, an entire ethnic minority countrywide were targeted, innocent men, women and children.<\/p>\n<p>1983 riots however, did not arise due to animosities between the two communities. In fact, during the July 1984 riots many Sinhalese residents saved the lives and properties of Tamils from the gangs defying a curfew to maraud and rampage. Some Tamils were sheltered in Sinhalese houses during the violence as the mostly Sinhalese police and military looked on.\u00a0It was the absurdity of chauvinistic politicians who were responsible for this situation.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3867\" style=\"width: 336px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/83-pic-by-chandraguptha-amarasingha-a-tamil-boy-stripped-naked-and-later-beaten-to-death-by-sinhala-youth-in-boralla-bustation-colombo1jpg1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3867\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3867\" src=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/83-pic-by-chandraguptha-amarasingha-a-tamil-boy-stripped-naked-and-later-beaten-to-death-by-sinhala-youth-in-boralla-bustation-colombo1jpg1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"326\" height=\"448\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/83-pic-by-chandraguptha-amarasingha-a-tamil-boy-stripped-naked-and-later-beaten-to-death-by-sinhala-youth-in-boralla-bustation-colombo1jpg1.jpg 326w, https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/83-pic-by-chandraguptha-amarasingha-a-tamil-boy-stripped-naked-and-later-beaten-to-death-by-sinhala-youth-in-boralla-bustation-colombo1jpg1-218x300.jpg 218w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 326px) 100vw, 326px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-3867\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The crimes of July 1983 | pic by Chandraguptha Amarasingha &#8211; A Tamil boy stripped naked and later beaten to death by Sinhala youth in Boralla gustation &#8211; 1983 July<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The 1983 massacres in Sri Lanka are best understood within the context of the post-independent state of affairs that prevailed in the country at that time. Many negative developments in Post independence Sri Lanka such as the pre-1983 communal riots against the Tamils, abrogation by the Sinhala political leaders of pacts entered with the Tamils leaders, at the instance of the ultra-nationalist and Supremacist Sinhala lobby groups, and many of the colonization projects in the north and the east by the Sinhalese of the south were contributory factors. The government also began to closely monitor all media coverage on the recent developments in the country. On July 2, 1983, the government proceeded to close down two leading Tamil newspapers in Jaffna, the Saturday Review and Suthantiran (Freedom), whose editor Mr. Kovai Mahesan had been detained under emergency regulations. It is within the backdrop of these events that the riots of July 1983 should be understood, behind the seemingly spontaneous eruption of inter-communal hatred lay ominous warning signs which went unheeded by State authorities. Whatever the explanation, the immediate and long-term consequences of the 1983 riots have had devastating effects on the country.<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps the worst consequence of the protracted conflict has been the rising level lawlessness in society prompted by a sense of impunity that some say has origins in the fact that none of the perpetrators of the 1983 violence were brought to trial. Unfortunately, the mentality, the politics and rhetoric which enabled and created July \u201983 has sadly not entirely left our public discourse.\u00a0Indeed, this trend has become worse off after the so-called Presidential election victory of the \u2018Sinhala people\u2019.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>Human rights violations, including by the law enforcement authorities, have steadily increased over the years.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Worryingly the same rhetoric is emanating from the self-proclaimed saviours of the Sinhala people today, in relation to the Muslim community. Thus, the common thread for all communal attacks violent acts which extended further , to encompass all communal attacks on another minority community-the Muslim upto now, is a culture of impunity that has persisted in the island from the time Sri Lanka gained independence 72 years ago. Sri Lanka has been unable to hold accountable the perpetrators of these spate of violence, riots or the war that ended in 2009, despite its continued commitments to international organizations \u2013 a lack of substantive movement towards accountability pervaded specially in the past decade. The government continues to shield the perpetrators from any form of accountability. Those responsible for anti-Muslim communal violence in Aluthgama in 2014, Digana and Ampara in 2018 and Post Easter in 2019 are still at large. Those responsible at the highest levels of power for allowing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/?s=Easter+Sunday\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Easter Sunday disaster<\/span><\/a> to happen, are also roaming free. What JRJ did in 1983 and blamed the Tamils was repeated almost ad verbatim by Mahinda Rajapaksa when Muslim victims were blamed as perpetrators in respect of the Aluthgama tragedy.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Even today, the ill effects of institutionalised racism and impunity and assaults and harassment of the media and journalists and social media activists , critical of the government<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>and its discriminatory policies<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>have increased. Laws and<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>law enforcement authorities are indifferent<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>and go soft when those connected to the higher echelon of power<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>and those in saffron clothes are involved in hate speeches and racist<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>crimes.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span>The Presidential powers of pardon is being misused<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>to pardon criminals in uniform and in saffron clothes.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span>There seem to be no political will to solve the national question or build a sense of togetherness in communities. After 2009, there is a growing polarization among the communities with minorities feeling alienated and marginalized in the political as well as in the social arena.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>In a ICJ report titled The Crisis of Impunity in Sri Lanka (2012), it says, \u2018..in Sri Lanka, impunity has over the years become institutionalized and systematized: mechanisms to hold state actors to account for their actions have been eroded; checks on the arbitrary use of power have been diluted, if not dissolved; institutions to protect the independence of the judiciary have been eviscerated; the Attorney-General has become politicized; and political forces have continually sought to influence and interfere with the judiciary. Blatant disregard for the rule of law and the independence of the judiciary has crippled the justice system, leaving victims with little or no prospect of remedies or reparations for serious human rights violations\u2019. Thus, instances of impunity shown above are but\u00a0 part of the story. Unless the crisis of endemic impunity is combated and sorted out, the rot will continue to make Sri Lanka a pariah state subjected to international shame.<\/p>\n<p>As Sri Lanka stands in its own shadow,\u00a0it should reflect on the harm that impunity and perceived feeling of inequality among minority communities, have caused to its\u2019 international image\u00a0and the gradual erosion of confidence of its\u2019 people in the process of rule of law. Failing to hold those accountable for their actions, and inactions that lead to harm and loss, and compensate the victims adequately, fails humanity as a whole. Thus, more than 11 years after the end of the war, Sri Lanka is still grappling with its recent past and many challenges remain unresolved and many of the physical, emotional and psychological wounds of war and communal violence remain unhealed.<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps the most enduring lesson of July 1983 should be \u201cnever again\u201d. Violent extremism should always be challenged and not allowed to flourish. Entire communities being demonised should stop such as what is happening in the case of the Muslims.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span>Fresh thinking and open minded initiatives are necessary ably promoted by progressive intellectuals and religious leaders and a well-planned strategy to educate the grass-root levels of our society about the need to live and let live as equal citizens. Specially, the peace loving majority community should be made to realize the vicious plans of the political class hell-bent on exploiting their emotions based on their race and religions for petty gains making other minority communities demons who are all out to destroy them. Otherwise, 1983 ghosts will continue to hover and more 1983 style operations<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span>will be inevitable.<\/p>\n<p>With many past missed historic opportunities, and more bleeding in the future, Sri Lanka will surely join the \u2018Failed States Club\u2019 while the internal and international conspirators will have a last laugh at the expense of the nation, if sanity does not prevail soon in Mother Lanka! Time is running out for the flower of an inclusive Sri Lanka to bloom! If the next parliament consists of the likes of Madu Madhawa, Gammampila and Wimal Weerawansa,<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span>and allowed to operate and rule the country on a platform of racism, with the help from rogue sections of the media and Maha Sangha, then it will be death knell for Sri Lanka. The reason why the public activism should renew its efforts not to allow racist politics to take centre-stage in the country!, which is reeling from the wounds of war and hate in particularly the Post war period. After all, politics is too serious to be left in the hands of petty politicians!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p> [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":97170,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,46,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-212056","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-colombotelegraph","category-constitutional-reforms","category-editorial"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00a0The \u2018Ignominy Of 1983\u2019 Still Haunts\u00a0Sri Lanka\u2019s Collective Psyche! - Colombo Telegraph<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.colombotelegraph.com\/index.php\/the-ignominy-of-1983-still-haunts-sri-lankas-collective-psyche\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00a0The \u2018Ignominy Of 1983\u2019 Still Haunts\u00a0Sri Lanka\u2019s Collective Psyche! 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